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CBSE Class 1 · Mathematics

How Much Can We Spend? (Money)

Official NCERT chapter from Joyful Mathematics (English) (book code aejm1). ExamMaster notes are original teaching at CBSE Class 1 depth.

This lesson follows the official chapter “How Much Can We Spend? (Money)” in Joyful Mathematics (English). The words below are ExamMaster’s teaching, not a paste from the book. Use the NCERT chapter for the classroom sequence; use these notes to hold the idea without copying exercises or figures.

  • CBSE Class 1
  • Easy level
  • 8 concepts

1A coin’s value is the number printed on it

A coin that says 5 is five rupees, not “one coin”. Two such coins are ten rupees, not two rupees.

Count value, not the pile of metal.

Figure. The number on the piece is the rupee value. A box marked 5 is five rupees, not one coin.

How it works

  1. Read the print1, 2, 5, or 10.
  2. That print is the valueIn rupees.
  3. Do not count “one coin = 1”Unless the print is 1.

2Notes of 10, 20, 50, 100 are bigger value counts

A 20-rupee note is twenty rupees in one piece of paper. It is not “one rupee because it is one note”.

Notes and coins share the same rupee. They are different pieces, same unit.

Figure. A note is still rupees. The print 20 means twenty rupees in one piece, not one rupee because it is one note.

How it works

  1. Read the note10, 20, 50, or 100.
  2. Keep the unit rupeeSame unit as coins.
  3. Add valuesNot the count of pieces.

3Add values, not the count of coins

A 5-rupee coin and a 2-rupee coin are 7 rupees, not 2 rupees. The pile has two coins; the value is seven.

Mixing “how many coins” with “how many rupees” is the usual miss.

Figure. A 5-rupee piece and a 2-rupee piece are 7 rupees. The pile has two pieces; two is the count, not the value.

How it works

  1. Read each value5 and 2.
  2. Add the values7 rupees.
  3. Ignore the coin-countTwo coins is a different question.

Two coins, seven rupees

One 5-rupee coin and one 2-rupee coin. How many rupees?

  • 5-rupee coin$5
  • 2-rupee coin$2
  • Join values$5 + $2 = $7

Pro tip. Add values. The pile size is two; the rupees are seven.

4A price is a number of rupees

A toy marked 12 costs twelve rupees. The price is a value, not a count of coins you must use.

You may pay with different pieces that add to 12 or more.

Figure. The mark 12 is twelve rupees to pay. It is not a request for twelve coins. Any pieces that add to 12 or more can pay it.

How it works

  1. Read the price12 rupees.
  2. That is the target valueNot “12 coins”.
  3. Plan a paymentPieces that add to 12 or more.

5Enough, short, or change due

If you hold 15 rupees and the price is 12, you have enough and 3 rupees change. If you hold 10, you are short by 2.

Enough, short, and change are three different sentences. Do not mix them.

Figure. Compare the payment with the price. More means change. Same is exact. Less is short. The three sentences must not be mixed.

How it works

  1. Compare payment and priceMore, less, or same.
  2. Same is exactNo change, not short.
  3. More means changePayment minus price.

6Change is payment minus price

Pay 20 rupees for a 12-rupee toy. Change is 8 rupees. That is take-away of values.

Change is not a new kind of money. It is the leftover value.

Figure. Pay 20 rupees for a 12-rupee toy. Change is 20 take away 12, which is 8. Change is leftover value, not a new kind of money.

How it works

  1. Name the payment20 rupees.
  2. Name the price12 rupees.
  3. Take the price out20 − 12 = 8.

Change from 20

A toy costs $12. You pay with a $20 note. What is the change?

  • Payment$20
  • Price$12
  • Change$20 - $12 = $8

Pro tip. Change is payment minus price. Not a new coin type.

7Two coins can still be six rupees

A 5 and a 1 make 6 rupees with two coins. Six 1-rupee coins also make 6. Same value, different pile.

The shop asks for value. The pile is your choice, if the value matches.

Figure. A 5 and a 1 make 6 rupees with two pieces. Six 1-rupee pieces also make 6. The shop asks for the value; the pile can differ.

How it works

  1. Fix the value6 rupees.
  2. Find one split5 + 1.
  3. Allow another split1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1.

8Riya counts coins; Sahil counts notes — same rupee

Riya’s 10-rupee coin and Sahil’s 10-rupee note are the same value. The piece looks different. The rupee does not.

Do not say the note is “more” just because it is paper.

Figure. A 10-rupee coin and a 10-rupee note are the same value. Paper is not automatically more. Read the print.

How it works

  1. Read Riya’s print10 rupees.
  2. Read Sahil’s print10 rupees.
  3. Call them the same valueSame rupee, different piece.
A 5-rupee coin and a 2-rupee coin are
  1. $7
  2. 2 rupees
  3. 5 coins

Add values: 5 + 2 = 7 rupees.

Notes

  • The official chapter title is “How Much Can We Spend? (Money)”. Teach the school test for that title, not a contest shortcut.
  • If a step needs a later class, stop. The next official chapter will pick it up.

Formulas

  • Value of a pile = sum of the prints.
  • Change = payment - price.

Reference tables

Read the print. Add values, not the pile of pieces.

Same rupee, different pieces
PiecePrintValue
Coin5$5
Coin2$2
Note10$10
Note20$20

Recap

Hold these pegs from the official chapter “How Much Can We Spend? (Money)”. The wording is ExamMaster’s teaching, not a textbook recap.

A coin’s value is the number printed on it
A coin that says 5 is five rupees, not “one coin”.
Notes of 10, 20, 50, 100 are bigger value counts
A 20-rupee note is twenty rupees in one piece of paper.
Add values, not the count of coins
A 5-rupee coin and a 2-rupee coin are 7 rupees, not 2 rupees.
A price is a number of rupees
A toy marked 12 costs twelve rupees. The price is a value, not a count of coins you must use.
Enough, short, or change due
If you hold 15 rupees and the price is 12, you have enough and 3 rupees change.
Change is payment minus price
Pay 20 rupees for a 12-rupee toy. Change is 8 rupees. That is take-away of values.

Practise How Much Can We Spend? (Money)

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