CBSE Class 2 · Mathematics
Shadow Story (Togalu) (2D Shapes)
Official NCERT chapter from Joyful Mathematics (English) (book code bejm1). ExamMaster notes are original teaching at CBSE Class 2 depth.
This lesson follows the official chapter “Shadow Story (Togalu) (2D Shapes)” in Joyful Mathematics (English). The words below are ExamMaster’s teaching, not a paste from the book. Use the NCERT chapter for the classroom sequence; use these notes to hold the idea without copying exercises or figures.
- CBSE Class 2
- Easy level
- 8 concepts
1A Togalu shadow is a flat view of a solid
The puppet is solid. The shadow on the screen is a flat outline of one view.
The puppet did not become paper. The view did.
Figure. The puppet stays solid. The shadow is only one flat view on the screen. Two jobs, two shapes.
How it works
- Name the solidThe puppet.
- Name the outlineThe shadow.
- Keep them as two thingsSolid, and view.
2Light, object, and screen make the shadow
A shadow needs a light, an object that blocks it, and a screen that catches the outline. Miss one and there is no Togalu shadow.
A dark room with no screen is not this chapter’s shadow.
Figure. A Togalu shadow needs all three: a lamp, an object that blocks the rays, and a screen that catches the dark patch. Miss one and there is no outline.
How it works
- Place a lightOne lamp.
- Place the objectThe puppet.
- Place the screenThe cloth that catches the outline.
3The same object can throw two outlines
Turn the puppet and the outline changes. The puppet is the same. The view changed.
Two outlines are not two puppets.
Figure. Turn the same pot and the outline changes. Tall and wide are two views, not two pots.
How it works
- Fix the puppet as “the same”Do not swap it.
- Turn itA new view.
- See a new outlineStill one puppet.
4Circle, square, rectangle, triangle name the outline
Those school names are for the flat outline, after you count sides and corners of the shadow.
Do not name the solid “triangle” because one view looked pointed.
Figure. Name the flat outline, not the solid. Count sides and corners for square, rectangle, triangle. A circle is the outline with no corner — this vocabulary cannot draw the curve, so that name stays in words.
How it works
- Look at the outline onlyThe shadow.
- Count sides and cornersOf that outline.
- Then pin the flat nameCircle, square, rectangle, triangle.
5Sides and corners of a flat shape
A triangle has 3 sides and 3 corners. A rectangle has 4. A circle has a closed curve, not those corners.
Count the outline, not the puppet’s legs.
Figure. Count the outline. A right triangle has three sides and three corners; a rectangle has four of each. Do not count the puppet’s legs.
How it works
- Trace one sideA straight stretch.
- Stop at a cornerWhere two sides meet.
- Finish the loopThat count is the shape.
6A view from the side is allowed to look different
Side view and front view of the same pot can disagree. That is allowed. The pot stayed.
Drawing one view as if it were every view is the mix-up.
Figure. Front view and side view of the same pot are allowed to disagree. The pot stayed; only the eye moved.
How it works
- Fix the potDo not turn it while you move.
- Change only the eyeFront, then side.
- Allow two outlinesSame pot.
7Trace the shadow, then name it
The honest order is: catch the outline, trace it, then pin the school name. Naming first is a guess.
A shaky trace is still a trace. A name with no trace is not.
Figure. Catch the outline, trace it, then pin the school name. Naming first is a guess.
How it works
- Catch the outlineOn the screen.
- Trace itFinger or chalk.
- Then nameTriangle, or rectangle, …
8The object did not become flat — the view did
The puppet still has thickness. The shadow does not. Confusing them is the chapter’s miss.
You can pick up the puppet. You cannot pick up the shadow.
Figure. You can pick up the puppet. You cannot pick up the shadow. The object kept its thickness; only the view went flat.
How it works
- Touch the puppetSolid.
- Look at the screenFlat outline.
- Keep the two jobsObject, and view.
Turn the puppet and the outline changes. What stayed?
- The puppet
- The outline
- The song
Same object, new view.
Notes
- The official chapter title is “Shadow Story (Togalu) (2D Shapes)”. Teach the school test for that title, not a contest shortcut.
- If a step needs a later class, stop. The next official chapter will pick it up.
Recap
Hold these pegs from the official chapter “Shadow Story (Togalu) (2D Shapes)”. The wording is ExamMaster’s teaching, not a textbook recap.
- A Togalu shadow is a flat view of a solid
- The puppet is solid. The shadow on the screen is a flat outline of one view.
- Light, object, and screen make the shadow
- A shadow needs a light, an object that blocks it, and a screen that catches the outline.
- The same object can throw two outlines
- Turn the puppet and the outline changes. The puppet is the same. The view changed.
- Circle, square, rectangle, triangle name the outline
- Those school names are for the flat outline, after you count sides and corners of the shadow.
- Sides and corners of a flat shape
- A triangle has 3 sides and 3 corners. A rectangle has 4. A circle has a closed curve, not those corners.
- A view from the side is allowed to look different
- Side view and front view of the same pot can disagree.
Practise Shadow Story (Togalu) (2D Shapes)
Reading is free and needs no account. Practice, mocks and progress live in the app.
- A 4-question practice set that ends the chapter
- 1 quick check with worked explanations
- Timed mocks scored with the real marking scheme
- Readiness tracked per topic, kept on your device