CBSE Class 3 · Mathematics
Give and Take
Official NCERT chapter from Maths Mela (book code cemm1). ExamMaster notes are original teaching at CBSE Class 3 depth.
This lesson follows the official chapter “Give and Take” in Maths Mela. The words below are ExamMaster’s teaching, not a paste from the book. Use the NCERT chapter for the classroom sequence; use these notes to hold the idea without copying exercises or figures.
- CBSE Class 3
- Easy level
- 8 concepts
1334 + 2 is a ones-house join
334 + 2 adds in the ones house: 4 + 2 = 6, so 336. Hundreds and tens wait.
Do not add 2 into the hundreds house.
Figure. 334 + 2 joins in the ones house: 4 + 2 = 6. Hundreds and tens are copied, so the sum is 336.
How it works
- Line up ones4 under the 2’s ones.
- Add that house4 + 2 = 6.
- Copy hundreds and tens336.
2Add or subtract a small number from a three-digit start
A small change usually hits ones first. 518 − 6 is a ones-house take-away if ones are enough.
The small number is still lined up under ones, not waved at the whole numeral.
Figure. 518 − 6 takes from ones because 8 is enough: 8 − 6 = 2. Hundreds and tens stay, so the difference is 512.
How it works
- Write the three-digit startHouses in place.
- Park the small number under onesUnless it has tens.
- Compute that house firstThen move left if you must regroup.
3Regroup when ones cross ten
347 + 8: ones 7 + 8 = 15. Write 5 ones, carry 1 ten.
Leaving 15 in the ones house is an unfinished trade.
Figure. 347 + 8: ones 7 + 8 = 15. Write 5 ones and carry 1 ten. Tens become 4 + 1 = 5, so the sum is 355.
How it works
- Add onesSee 10 or more.
- Trade 10 ones → 1 tenCarry.
- Write leftover ones0 to 9.
Ones cross ten
Compute 347 + 8.
- Ones7 + 8 = 15
- Write ones, carry5 ones, 1 ten
- Tens4 + 1 = 5
- Result355
Pro tip. Regroup ten ones as one ten. Houses stay lined up.
4Borrow when ones are not enough
352 − 8: ones 2 is not enough. Borrow 1 ten (10 ones), then 12 − 8 = 4.
Borrowing is a trade, not a new story.
Figure. 352 − 8: ones 2 is too small. Borrow 1 ten so tens drop to 4 and ones become 12, then 12 − 8 = 4. The difference is 344.
How it works
- See ones too small2 < 8.
- Borrow 1 tenTens drop by 1; ones become 12.
- Subtract ones12 − 8 = 4.
5The same number sentence can be a give or a take story
352 − 8 can be “gave 8 stickers” or “8 walked away”. The sentence is the same; only the picture changes.
Do not change plus into minus because the picture is friendlier.
Figure. 352 − 8 can be “gave 8 stickers” or “8 walked away”. The number sentence is the same; only the story costume changes.
How it works
- Write the sentenceStart − small = remain.
- Attach either storyGive, or take.
- Compute onceThe story is a costume.
6Check by the opposite action
355 should satisfy 347 + 8. After a subtraction, add back.
A check that starts a new problem is not a check.
Figure. 355 must satisfy 347 + 8. After a take-away, add the same small number back; you should land on the start.
How it works
- Keep the resultThe answer you got.
- Do the opposite+ after −, or − after +.
- Demand the startOr redo.
7Estimate first by hundreds
347 + 8 is still near 350. 352 − 8 is near 350. Hundreds give the neighbourhood.
The estimate does not replace the ones-house work.
Figure. 347 + 8 and 352 − 8 both sit near 350. Hundreds name the neighbourhood; ones still have to be computed exactly.
How it works
- Look at hundredsNear 300 or 400?
- Adjust by the small numberA neighbour.
- Then compute exactlyOnes may regroup.
8Keep the houses lined up
Ones under ones. A 2 that slides under tens becomes +20, not +2.
Line-up is part of the operation, not decoration.
Figure. Ones must sit under ones. A 2 parked under tens is +20, not +2, and 334 + 2 becomes the wrong sum.
How it works
- Write the large numberHouses fixed.
- Park the small number under the matching houseUsually ones.
- Add or subtract down the columnsCarry or borrow as needed.
347 + 8 requires a carry because
- Ones make 15, which is more than 9
- Hundreds changed
- The story is a festival
Ten ones trade for one ten.
Notes
- The official chapter title is “Give and Take”. Teach the school test for that title, not a contest shortcut.
- If a step needs a later class, stop. The next official chapter will pick it up.
Formulas
- Ones first, then tens, then hundreds.
- If ones \ge 10, write ones - 10 and carry 1 ten.
- If ones are too small to subtract, borrow 1 ten = 10 ones.
Recap
Hold these pegs from the official chapter “Give and Take”. The wording is ExamMaster’s teaching, not a textbook recap.
- 334 + 2 is a ones-house join
- 334 + 2 adds in the ones house: 4 + 2 = 6, so 336.
- Add or subtract a small number from a three-digit start
- A small change usually hits ones first. 518 − 6 is a ones-house take-away if ones are enough.
- Regroup when ones cross ten
- 347 + 8: ones 7 + 8 = 15. Write 5 ones, carry 1 ten.
- Borrow when ones are not enough
- 352 − 8: ones 2 is not enough. Borrow 1 ten (10 ones), then 12 − 8 = 4.
- The same number sentence can be a give or a take story
- 352 − 8 can be “gave 8 stickers” or “8 walked away”.
- Check by the opposite action
- 355 should satisfy 347 + 8. After a subtraction, add back.
Practise Give and Take
Reading is free and needs no account. Practice, mocks and progress live in the app.
- A 4-question practice set that ends the chapter
- 1 quick check with worked explanations
- Timed mocks scored with the real marking scheme
- Readiness tracked per topic, kept on your device