CBSE Class 5 · Mathematics
Far and Near
Official NCERT chapter from Math-Mela (book code eemm1). ExamMaster notes are original teaching at CBSE Class 5 depth.
This lesson follows the official chapter “Far and Near” in Math-Mela. The words below are ExamMaster’s teaching, not a paste from the book. Use the NCERT chapter for the classroom sequence; use these notes to hold the idea without copying exercises or figures.
- CBSE Class 5
- Easy level
- 8 concepts
1Choose metre or centimetre for the object
A pencil is centimetres. A corridor is metres. Fit the unit so the number stays readable.
Measuring a corridor only in millimetres is allowed but painful.
Figure. A pencil asks for centimetres. A path asks for metres. The object picks the unit, not the other way around.
How it works
- Look at the objectPencil, or corridor.
- Pick cm or mFit the stretch.
- Measure in that unitSay the unit after the number.
2Different writings can name the same length
130 cm and 1 m 30 cm name the same stretch. The writing changed; the length did not.
New writing is not a new corridor.
Figure. Same span, two writings. 250 centimetres is 2.5 metres because 100 cm make 1 m.
How it works
- Fix the stretchThis path.
- Write it two wayscm only, or m and cm.
- Check they rebuild the same amount130 cm = 1 m 30 cm.
3A double number line matches centimetres and metres
One line marked in metres, a parallel line in centimetres, with 1 m above 100 cm. That pairing is the convert.
A single line with mixed unmarked ticks is mute.
Figure. A double number line: the same tick is 100 cm on top and 1 m below. Matching ticks are matching lengths.
How it works
- Draw two parallel tracksm and cm.
- Line up 1 m with 100 cmThe match.
- Read a pair2 m with 200 cm.
4Compare lengths only after the units match
80 cm versus 1 m: rewrite 1 m as 100 cm, then 80 < 100. Comparing 80 and 1 is a mash.
Far and near wait for one unit.
Figure. Write both in centimetres first. 1.5 m is 150 cm, so 180 cm is longer. Mixed units cannot be compared.
How it works
- Pick one unitcm, or m.
- Rewrite the other lengthSame unit.
- Then compareFarther is the larger number in that unit.
Which is farther
A string is 80 cm. A stick is 1 m. Which is longer?
- Rewrite1 m = 100 cm
- Compare80 cm < 100 cm
- Longerthe stick
Pro tip. Match units, then compare. 80 versus 1 is a mash.
5One hundred centimetres is one metre
The school rate is 100 cm = 1 m. Use it only when two units must meet.
Inventing 10 cm = 1 m is a miss.
Figure. One stick, two honest names. 100 centimetres is the same span as 1 metre.
How it works
- See cm and m in one sentenceTwo units.
- Use 100 cm = 1 mThe rate.
- RewriteOne kind.
6A number without a unit is mute
“14” could be 14 cm or 14 m. Always write the unit.
Mute numbers cannot be far or near.
Figure. 5 is a count. 5 cm is a length. Without a unit the number cannot answer “how far”.
How it works
- Write the number14.
- Write cm or mThe unit.
- Speak bothNever 14 alone.
7Estimate, then measure
Guess a nearby number in the unit you will use, then run the scale from 0.
A guess you will not check is stubborn.
Figure. Guess first, then put the scale on. The guess is a plan; the measure is the length.
How it works
- Guess in that unitAbout 2 m.
- Measure from 0The scale.
- CompareClose or far.
8Far and near are length comparisons, not feelings
Farther is the larger length after units match. “It feels far” is not a compare.
A liked place can still be nearer.
Figure. Far and near are two lengths in the same unit. 80 m is four times 20 m. A feeling is not a measurement.
How it works
- Match unitsOne kind.
- Compare the numbersLarger is farther.
- Leave feelings outLength only.
80 cm and 1 m compare after you write
- 1 m as 100 cm
- 80 as 80 m
- Nothing — 80 > 1
Match units first.
Notes
- The official chapter title is “Far and Near”. Teach the school test for that title, not a contest shortcut.
- If a step needs a later class, stop. The next official chapter will pick it up.
Formulas
- 100 cm = 1 m.
- Same length, new writing: 130 cm = 1 m 30 cm.
- Compare only after both lengths use one unit.
Recap
Hold these pegs from the official chapter “Far and Near”. The wording is ExamMaster’s teaching, not a textbook recap.
- Choose metre or centimetre for the object
- A pencil is centimetres. A corridor is metres. Fit the unit so the number stays readable.
- Different writings can name the same length
- 130 cm and 1 m 30 cm name the same stretch.
- A double number line matches centimetres and metres
- One line marked in metres, a parallel line in centimetres, with 1 m above 100 cm.
- Compare lengths only after the units match
- 80 cm versus 1 m: rewrite 1 m as 100 cm, then 80 < 100.
- One hundred centimetres is one metre
- The school rate is 100 cm = 1 m. Use it only when two units must meet.
- A number without a unit is mute
- “14” could be 14 cm or 14 m. Always write the unit.
Practise Far and Near
Reading is free and needs no account. Practice, mocks and progress live in the app.
- A 4-question practice set that ends the chapter
- 1 quick check with worked explanations
- Timed mocks scored with the real marking scheme
- Readiness tracked per topic, kept on your device