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CBSE Class 5 · Mathematics

Far and Near

Official NCERT chapter from Math-Mela (book code eemm1). ExamMaster notes are original teaching at CBSE Class 5 depth.

This lesson follows the official chapter “Far and Near” in Math-Mela. The words below are ExamMaster’s teaching, not a paste from the book. Use the NCERT chapter for the classroom sequence; use these notes to hold the idea without copying exercises or figures.

  • CBSE Class 5
  • Easy level
  • 8 concepts

1Choose metre or centimetre for the object

A pencil is centimetres. A corridor is metres. Fit the unit so the number stays readable.

Measuring a corridor only in millimetres is allowed but painful.

Figure. A pencil asks for centimetres. A path asks for metres. The object picks the unit, not the other way around.

How it works

  1. Look at the objectPencil, or corridor.
  2. Pick cm or mFit the stretch.
  3. Measure in that unitSay the unit after the number.

2Different writings can name the same length

130 cm and 1 m 30 cm name the same stretch. The writing changed; the length did not.

New writing is not a new corridor.

Figure. Same span, two writings. 250 centimetres is 2.5 metres because 100 cm make 1 m.

How it works

  1. Fix the stretchThis path.
  2. Write it two wayscm only, or m and cm.
  3. Check they rebuild the same amount130 cm = 1 m 30 cm.

3A double number line matches centimetres and metres

One line marked in metres, a parallel line in centimetres, with 1 m above 100 cm. That pairing is the convert.

A single line with mixed unmarked ticks is mute.

Figure. A double number line: the same tick is 100 cm on top and 1 m below. Matching ticks are matching lengths.

How it works

  1. Draw two parallel tracksm and cm.
  2. Line up 1 m with 100 cmThe match.
  3. Read a pair2 m with 200 cm.

4Compare lengths only after the units match

80 cm versus 1 m: rewrite 1 m as 100 cm, then 80 < 100. Comparing 80 and 1 is a mash.

Far and near wait for one unit.

Figure. Write both in centimetres first. 1.5 m is 150 cm, so 180 cm is longer. Mixed units cannot be compared.

How it works

  1. Pick one unitcm, or m.
  2. Rewrite the other lengthSame unit.
  3. Then compareFarther is the larger number in that unit.

Which is farther

A string is 80 cm. A stick is 1 m. Which is longer?

  • Rewrite1 m = 100 cm
  • Compare80 cm < 100 cm
  • Longerthe stick

Pro tip. Match units, then compare. 80 versus 1 is a mash.

5One hundred centimetres is one metre

The school rate is 100 cm = 1 m. Use it only when two units must meet.

Inventing 10 cm = 1 m is a miss.

Figure. One stick, two honest names. 100 centimetres is the same span as 1 metre.

How it works

  1. See cm and m in one sentenceTwo units.
  2. Use 100 cm = 1 mThe rate.
  3. RewriteOne kind.

6A number without a unit is mute

“14” could be 14 cm or 14 m. Always write the unit.

Mute numbers cannot be far or near.

Figure. 5 is a count. 5 cm is a length. Without a unit the number cannot answer “how far”.

How it works

  1. Write the number14.
  2. Write cm or mThe unit.
  3. Speak bothNever 14 alone.

7Estimate, then measure

Guess a nearby number in the unit you will use, then run the scale from 0.

A guess you will not check is stubborn.

Figure. Guess first, then put the scale on. The guess is a plan; the measure is the length.

How it works

  1. Guess in that unitAbout 2 m.
  2. Measure from 0The scale.
  3. CompareClose or far.

8Far and near are length comparisons, not feelings

Farther is the larger length after units match. “It feels far” is not a compare.

A liked place can still be nearer.

Figure. Far and near are two lengths in the same unit. 80 m is four times 20 m. A feeling is not a measurement.

How it works

  1. Match unitsOne kind.
  2. Compare the numbersLarger is farther.
  3. Leave feelings outLength only.
80 cm and 1 m compare after you write
  1. 1 m as 100 cm
  2. 80 as 80 m
  3. Nothing — 80 > 1

Match units first.

Notes

  • The official chapter title is “Far and Near”. Teach the school test for that title, not a contest shortcut.
  • If a step needs a later class, stop. The next official chapter will pick it up.

Formulas

  • 100 cm = 1 m.
  • Same length, new writing: 130 cm = 1 m 30 cm.
  • Compare only after both lengths use one unit.

Recap

Hold these pegs from the official chapter “Far and Near”. The wording is ExamMaster’s teaching, not a textbook recap.

Choose metre or centimetre for the object
A pencil is centimetres. A corridor is metres. Fit the unit so the number stays readable.
Different writings can name the same length
130 cm and 1 m 30 cm name the same stretch.
A double number line matches centimetres and metres
One line marked in metres, a parallel line in centimetres, with 1 m above 100 cm.
Compare lengths only after the units match
80 cm versus 1 m: rewrite 1 m as 100 cm, then 80 < 100.
One hundred centimetres is one metre
The school rate is 100 cm = 1 m. Use it only when two units must meet.
A number without a unit is mute
“14” could be 14 cm or 14 m. Always write the unit.

Practise Far and Near

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  • A 4-question practice set that ends the chapter
  • 1 quick check with worked explanations
  • Timed mocks scored with the real marking scheme
  • Readiness tracked per topic, kept on your device
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