CBSE Class 5 · Mathematics
Data Through Pictures
Official NCERT chapter from Math-Mela (book code eemm1). ExamMaster notes are original teaching at CBSE Class 5 depth.
This lesson follows the official chapter “Data Through Pictures” in Math-Mela. The words below are ExamMaster’s teaching, not a paste from the book. Use the NCERT chapter for the classroom sequence; use these notes to hold the idea without copying exercises or figures.
- CBSE Class 5
- Easy level
- 8 concepts
1A television-time poll is one child, one mark
One child, one vote, one mark. Two marks for one child doubles the pile.
A loud opinion is not extra marks.
Figure. One child, one mark. Three watching boxes and two empty ones. Do not let a favourite show count twice.
How it works
- Ask one childOne vote.
- Make one markTally or pictograph unit.
- Do not add bonus marksOne child, one mark.
2A table stores the honest counts
Each label gets a cell. Complete the cell from the marks, not from a wish.
An empty-looking row still needs a counted 0 if nobody chose it.
Figure. A table stores the counted totals. Tuesday is 7 because seven marks were made, not because the box looks busier.
How it works
- Count marks for a labelThe number.
- Write it in the cellSame label.
- Include zeros you actually countedHonest empty.
3How many more subtracts two rows
How many more watched 2 hours than 1 hour is (2-hour count) − (1-hour count).
It is not a new TV show.
Figure. How many more is a subtraction of two honest rows. Cats outnumber dogs by 3, not by “looking longer” unless the bar scale is the count.
How it works
- Finish both rowsTwo labels.
- Subtract smaller from largerIf the question is “more”.
- The difference is how many moreNot a third pile.
4A pictograph needs a key when there are too many items
If 40 children voted, one mark each makes a huge picture. A key (1 mark = 5 children) shrinks it. Without a key the picture is mute.
Do not assume 1 = 1 when the key says 5.
Figure. When items overflow the page, one picture stands for many — but only after a key is written. Four pictures with key 1 = 5 name 20, not 4.
How it works
- Read the key1 mark = ?
- Count the marksPictures.
- MultiplyThe count.
Key of five
Key: 1 TV-picture = 5 children. “2 hours” shows 4 pictures. How many children?
- Key5
- Marks4
- Count4 × 5 = 20
Pro tip. Marks times the key. A pictograph without a key is mute.
5One picture can stand for many
That is what a key does. Half a picture, if the key allows, can stand for half the key (2.5 is awkward — honest keys use friendly numbers).
A half-picture without a key is decoration.
Figure. One picture can stand for ten counted things. Drawing ten singles is the same number, not a second count. The key chooses the scale.
How it works
- Read the keyHow many per picture.
- If you see a half-mark, take half the key only if the key allows itOr recount.
- Never invent a keyRead the printed one.
6The most and the least are the biggest and smallest honest counts
Most is the largest finished count. Least is the smallest, including 0. Crayon height is not the count if the key differs.
Compare after the key.
Figure. Most is the biggest honest count (red 12). Least is the smallest (green 3). Colour words are labels, not extra votes.
How it works
- Compute every row with the keyNumbers.
- Name the largestMost.
- Name the smallestLeast.
7A table and a picture must agree
Table 20 and pictograph 4 marks with key 5 must both say 20. A mismatch means recount.
Do not “fix” it by a story.
Figure. The table and the picture must name the same three counts: A 6, B 4, C 9. If a bar is longer than its table cell, the picture is lying.
How it works
- Read the tableA number.
- Compute the pictureMarks × key.
- Demand they matchOr recount both.
8The shop stock is the story; the key is the maths
A shop pictograph is the picture. Key, counts, and how-many-more are the maths.
Do not invent a shop-only plus.
Figure. The shop story is stock: 15 pencils and 10 erasers. The maths is the key 1 picture = 5, so three P pictures and two E pictures.
How it works
- Keep the settingStock, or TV time.
- Use the keyThe scale.
- Use ordinary × and −The shop is not a new rule.
1 picture = 5 children, 4 pictures mean
- 20 children
- 4 children
- 9 children
Marks times the key.
Notes
- The official chapter title is “Data Through Pictures”. Teach the school test for that title, not a contest shortcut.
- If a step needs a later class, stop. The next official chapter will pick it up.
Formulas
- Count = (pictograph marks) \times (key).
- How many more = larger row - smaller row.
Reference tables
One child, one vote. Marks times the key must match the table.
| Time | Marks | Count |
|---|---|---|
| 1 hour | 3 | 15 |
| 2 hours | 4 | 20 |
| 3 hours | 1 | 5 |
Recap
Hold these pegs from the official chapter “Data Through Pictures”. The wording is ExamMaster’s teaching, not a textbook recap.
- A television-time poll is one child, one mark
- One child, one vote, one mark. Two marks for one child doubles the pile.
- A table stores the honest counts
- Each label gets a cell. Complete the cell from the marks, not from a wish.
- How many more subtracts two rows
- How many more watched 2 hours than 1 hour is (2-hour count) − (1-hour count).
- A pictograph needs a key when there are too many items
- If 40 children voted, one mark each makes a huge picture.
- One picture can stand for many
- That is what a key does. Half a picture, if the key allows, can stand for half the key (2.5 is awkward — honest keys use friendly numbers).
- The most and the least are the biggest and smallest honest counts
- Most is the largest finished count. Least is the smallest, including 0. Crayon height is not the count if the key differs.
Practise Data Through Pictures
Reading is free and needs no account. Practice, mocks and progress live in the app.
- A 4-question practice set that ends the chapter
- 1 quick check with worked explanations
- Timed mocks scored with the real marking scheme
- Readiness tracked per topic, kept on your device